Edge-Intelligent Adaptive MAC Protocol for Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

This paper presents an innovative Edge-Intelligent Adaptive MAC Protocol that will be proposed to achieve the optimal energy efficiency in low power Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Conventional MACs lack the ability to diversify to frequency-varying network characteristics, leading to inefficient energy usage, especially in the WSN that has limited resources. The edge computing solution will be proposed in our solution, making it possible to perform intelligent changes in MAC protocol parameters in real-time real with adaptive duty cycling, transmission power, and schedule changes under local network conditions. The protocol can dynamically adjust to varying traffic conditions, node failures, battery levels by actively using edge devices (e.g., gateways or base stations) without affecting network performance, and using this to achieve better energy efficiency. We show by heavy simulations that the proposed protocol can save up to 70 percent of energy usage, increase the delivery ratio of packets as well as keep the latency low when compared to conventional protocols like TDMA, CSMA/CA, and EE-MAC. This paper will help to develop smarter and more efficient communication protocols to use in energy-constrained WSNs, and the potential areas of application include IoT, environmental monitoring, and industrial automation.