Runtime Reconfigurable Architectures for Low-Latency and Energy-Efficient Signal Processing in 5G and Beyond Wireless Systems

Abstract

The paper aims to meet the requirement in real-time energy-efficient, signal processing in 5G and later wireless networks by looking at the possibility of use of runtime reconfigurable hardware architectures. The core idea is to plan and test a dynamic signal processing system, which will easily subject to contentious communication configuration and loading proportions. Implemeted on a Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC development board, the proposed design exploits Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and the dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) capability to allow on-the-fly hardware replacement of the processing modules designated FFT, FIR filters and MIMO equalizers such that the replacement does not interrupt operation of the system. The methodology entails modular design of hardware, reconfiguration control logic as well as real-time profiling of workloads. Experimental assessments provide a comparison of the reconfigurable design and its static counterparts in terms of latency, resource utilization but also power efficiency. Findings support the decision that runtime reconfiguration can increase energy savings above 35 percent and shorten the latency of baseband signal processing by more than 40 percent and enable applications in heterogeneous 5G/6G environments, with multi-mode capabilities. The above advancements highlight the viability of reconfigurable architecture in high-throughput and low-latency as well as power-limited wireless. Overall, the work in question develops a fast dynamic, scale-changing signal processing framework that is adaptable to the strict demands of the next-generation wireless networks and can be taken as a solid basis of the next 6G systems to be built due to their reliance on dynamic, intelligent, and reconfigurable baseband processing.