Intelligent Hybrid Renewable–Energy Storage Systems for Resilient and Sustainable Power Networks

Abstract

Incorporating sources of renewable energy (RES) which include solar and wind power is critical towards the attainment of cleaner and more sustainable power networks. But such sources are intermittent and variable and present extraordinary challenges to grid security, dependability, and effectiveness. Smart hybrid renewable-energy storage systems (HRESS) are a paradigm shift as it is enabled by synergetic integration of several energy storage types, e.g. batteries, pumped hydro and supercapacitors, with intelligent management systems. Such mixed arrangements blend the specific capabilities of the different types of storage to cushion renewable intermittency and allow both short-term peak-power and long-term energy dispatch and improve grid reliability. In this proposed study, a thorough survey of new developments in the area of HRESS as well as their architecture, components, intelligent control schemes and their applications will be carried out. It examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and hierarchical control in facilitating dynamic, adaptive energy management, maximization of storage usage, and allowing it to be responsive to changing supply and demand. The focus is on power conversion, monitoring systems and effective scheduling that can all provide better stability, load balancing and backup capacity under both grid connected and stand alone conditions. General case studies of deployed global HRESS indicate value, in a practical sense, to urban, rural and industrial power networks, such as more renewable penetration, less curtailment, frequency regulation, and heightened supply security in load shedding. The paper evaluates critically the ongoing technical, economic, and environmental flaws to offer brief details on the emerging solutions to these challenges as provided by the use of sustainable materials, optimum sizing, and the recycling procedures. This study has outlined the future research lines with special references to the progression of intelligent control and sustainability design of systems, thus, making HRESS an inevitable cornerstone in the realization of resilient, secure, environmentally responsible power infrastructures to eventually ensure the adoption of a carbon-neutral energy future.